Piezoelectric ultrasonic transducers (PUTs) are extensively used in diverse technological fields, yet further enhancement in acoustic sensitivity and hydrostatic figure of merit dhgh have plateaued in conventional 1-3 piezocomposites, whose structures have remained largely unchanged for decades. Herein, we report a (1-0)-3 single-crystal piezocomposite (SCPC) based on the 011-oriented Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 (PIN-PMN-PT) single-crystal, featuring a dual-piezo-charge (DPC) mechanism arising from the piezoelectric and piezoelectret synergy effect. The ordered and polar 0-phase microholes with aligned dipoles are intentionally introduced in 1-phase piezo-pillars, yielding a uniquely low effective dielectric constant, reduced acoustic impedance, and DPC properties unattainable in conventional SCPCs. Both Simulations and experiments confirm that this DPC mechanism in (1-0)-3 SCPC enables an ultrahigh dhgh of ~ 8089 × 10-15 m2 N-1, representing increases of 443.2% and 890.6% over commercial 1-3 SCPC and 1-3 piezoceramic composite, respectively. The engineered microhole structure and DPC strategy also significantly enhance underwater acoustic sensitivity while maintaining a broad - 3 dB bandwidth of 130 kHz, crucial for maritime safety and collision avoidance. Meanwhile, the long-term testing further verifies the PUT's operational stability. This design approach offers a promising pathway for next-generation piezocomposites and PUT technologies.
Yu et al. (Sat,) studied this question.