Advances in Nanoparticle Mediated Drug Delivery for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Management

Chronic inflammatory respiratory conditions like asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pose a significant global fitness burden. It is presenting significant mortality and morbidity.2,3 Despite the availability of inhaled bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and biologics, a significant portion of patients still have suboptimal disease management due to poor drug deposition, quick pulmonary clearance, systemic harmful consequences, and limited ability to target disease-specific inflammatory pathways.1,5 It compromises the therapeutic outcomes. By facilitating focused pulmonary transport, sustained drug release, improved cell uptake, and reduced systemic toxicity,5,6 nanoparticle-mediated drug transport structures have emerged as a promising approach to overcome these obstacles. This summary provides a thorough and significant analysis of the latest developments in drug delivery systems based on nanoparticles for the treatment of allergies and COPD. The physicochemical properties, drug-loading potential, and pulmonary transport performance of various nanoparticles including polymeric, lipid-based, inorganic, and hybrid structures are discussed.6-10 Along with protection, toxicity, and regulatory issues, preclinical and emerging medical evidence supporting their therapeutic potential is analyzed.19,20 We highlight design strategies, biological carriers to pulmonary delivery, inhalation devices, safety challenges, and future prospects for clinical translation.14-18 Finally, future perspectives on targeted and ingenious nanocarriers for precision breathing drugs are discussed.