Analysis of AI companion and parasocial platform characteristics reveals emotional effects and dependency risks.
Eleven AI companion and parasocial platforms (Replika, Character.AI, Anima, Woebot, and others) scored on O (RLHF opacity, persona authenticity disclosure), R (emotional mirroring depth, intimacy escalation), and C (memory lock-in, relationship sunk costs). Spearman ρ between Void Index and documented dependency harm from JMIR literature, FTC enforcement, and Garcia v. Character Technologies. Empirical convergence companion to Paper 15. EU AI Act Annex III §5.
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Anthony W. Eckert (2026) studied this question.
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