Abstract Background Amazonian toxoplasmosis is classically associated with severe disease in hospitalised adults. However, little is known about milder outpatient forms in French Guiana. Methods We retrospectively analysed 174 immunocompetent adults diagnosed with acute toxoplasmosis in French Guiana (2002-2019), comparing clinical and laboratory features between hospitalised (HPs) and outpatient (OPs) cases. Results Seventy-four patients (43%) were OPs. Fever (93%), lymphadenopathy (62%), and digestive symptoms (56%) predominated among OPs, while respiratory symptoms, anaemia, and hyponatremia predicted hospitalisation (aOR 9.8, 3.9, and 5.4, respectively). Parasitaemia was detected in 27% of OPs but genotyping succeeded only in HPs, all infected by Toxoplasma gondii strains of the Amazonian population. Conclusions Mild parasitaemic forms of toxoplasmosis occur in immunocompetent adults in French Guiana. The clinical spectrum of toxoplasmosis in French Guiana appears broader than previously described, extending beyond the severe forms typically associated with strains of the Amazonian population.
Vidal et al. (Thu,) studied this question.