The complex coupling relationships among the thermal, mechanical, and electrical physical parameters of TiZrHf—based medium—entropy alloys represent a key factor restricting their practical applications under complex extreme environments. In this study, the thermo—mechanical—electrical coupling characteristics of TiZrHf and TiZrHfCu0.8 medium—entropy alloys were systematically investigated using a self—developed experimental platform. The results demonstrate that TiZrHf and TiZrHfCu0.8 alloys exhibit elastoplastic and superelastic—plastic compressive deformation behaviors, respectively, with both elastic modulus and ultimate strength decreasing monotonically with increasing temperature T. Electrical property measurements reveal that the electrical resistivities ρ of the two alloys range from 3 to 35 × 10−6 Ω·m. Notably, TiZrHfCu0.8 possesses a lower resistivity that is independent of the test frequency f. Moreover, ρ increases with T but decreases with applied stress σ. At a frequency of 1 kHz, the real part of the relative dielectric constants εr of the alloys varies between −3.5 × 108 and −0.5 × 108 and increases with rising f, whereas the effects of T and σ on εr are opposite to those on ρ. Thermal property tests indicate that the thermal conductivities α of both alloys increase with T and eventually stabilize at 28.23 and 53.51 W·m−1·K−1, respectively, while the thermoelectric coefficients S are positively correlated with the heating rate, on the basis of comprehensive data analysis, multi—physical parameter (T, σ) dependent mathematical expressions for elastic modulus, strength, ρ, εr, α, and S were established, respectively. This work provides valuable insights into the material response mechanisms under complex service conditions, which are conducive to the optimization of alloy composition design and the promotion of their practical engineering applications.
Chang et al. (Sat,) studied this question.