Parametric study and equations of SCFs and MIFs for multiplanar CFST KK-joints with internal ring stiffeners under axial force

Key Points

• Joint behavior under axial force varies significantly with stiffeners present, providing insights into load distribution.
• The parametric study identified critical equations for predicting stress in joints with 10% increased axial loading.
• Assessment using parametric equations characterizes the impact of internal ring stiffeners on joint fatigue and stability.
• Results suggest that optimized stiffener designs may enhance structural integrity, indicating potential for improved engineering applications.