Beneficial Impact of Kaempferol on Kidney Function and Long‐Term Prognosis in Overweight or Obese Adults

Obesity is a significant risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Kaempferol, a natural flavonoid, has the ability to alleviate oxidative stress in animal models. The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between kaempferol intake and renal function, as well as its impact on long-term prognosis in the obese population. This is an observational, cross-sectional, and longitudinal analysis based on NHANES data (2007-2018). Data regarding flavanol consumption were obtained from FNDDS. Prognostic information was sourced from the NCHS. Multivariate logistic and Cox regression, subgroup, and sensitivity analysis were used to investigate the relationship between dietary kaempferol and kidney function and prognosis. A total of 9816 participants with a median follow-up of 117 months were included. The stratified analysis revealed that kaempferol was a protective factor for renal function. For every 5 mg/day increment in kaempferol intake, the prevalence of kidney damage declined by 7% OR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.88-0.99. Additionally, at a median follow-up duration of 117 months, for every 5 mg/day increase in kaempferol intake, the mortality rate decreased by 7% HR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.85-0.98. Our findings suggested that higher kaempferol intake is associated with a reduced risk of kidney damage and improved long-term prognosis in obese individuals.