Experimental measurements demonstrate the performance of VCSELs at high temperatures, indicating significant insights into design.
We present experimental measurements of the temperature dependence of oxide-confined vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers under continuous wave (CW) operation and the aperture size-dependent performance at heatsink temperatures >135 ∘ C. We extract the maximum CW operating temperature and internal cavity temperature at turn off and show these to be higher for narrow aperture devices. The modal properties are assessed from below threshold to turn-off and we show a tendency to low order mode lasing throughout the current sweep for narrow aperture devices, influenced by strong optical and electrical confinement.
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Baker et al. (2026) studied this question.
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