Acute Effects of Low-Intensity Blood-Flow-Restricted Walking on Pain Sensitivity, Joint Range of Motion, and Myofascial Stiffness in Healthy Adults

Background/Objectives: Blood Flow Restriction training has been suggested as a method to enhance strength and neuromuscular adaptations at low exercise intensities. Early reports indicate potential effects on pain perception, myofascial stiffness, and flexibility; however, the evidence remains inconsistent. Method: Twenty-two healthy adults participated in a randomized, within-participant, contralateral-controlled design, performing 5 min of treadmill walking (4-5 km/h) with and without blood flow restriction at 70% arterial occlusion pressure. Pressure pain threshold, hip range of motion, and hamstring stiffness were measured before and after the intervention. Adverse effects were recorded. Results: Changes in pain threshold, range of motion, and myofascial stiffness were similar between conditions. The pressure pain threshold decreased slightly in both conditions, regardless of BFR, while range of motion and stiffness remained unchanged. Mild, short-lasting sensations (cuff pressure, erythema, tingling) were reported, with no adverse events. Conclusions: A single short session of low-intensity BFR walking did not change pain sensitivity, flexibility, or myofascial stiffness in healthy adults. The protocol was well tolerated. Repeated or longer interventions may be needed to see measurable effects.