March 3, 2026Optics Letters1 citations

Curvature sensor enabled by fiber ring microwave photonic filter

LGLingge GaoNanjing Normal University XFxuanpei fanNanjing Normal University SLShengyi LuNanjing Normal University

Key Points

Achieving a theoretical resolution of 0.26 × 10-2 m-1, significantly higher than traditional methods, the system improves sensitivity.
At speeds above 100 Hz, the optimized sensor maintains a practical resolution of 0.65 × 10-2 m-1, demonstrating excellent performance for dynamic applications.
Utilizing seven-core fiber Bragg gratings in conjunction with a fiber ring microwave photonic filter, the system leverages advanced optical techniques for enhanced measurement.
Validate multi-directional sensing capabilities, with average relative errors recorded at 1.09% for curvature and 1.91% for direction, highlighting its accuracy.

Abstract

We propose a high-resolution curvature sensor utilizing seven-core fiber Bragg gratings (7-Core FBGs) interrogated by a fiber ring microwave photonic filter (FR-MPF). By mapping optical wavelength shifts to significant microwave frequency shifts, the system breaks the resolution limit of traditional spectral analysis, achieving a theoretical resolution of 0.26 × 10-2 m-1. Crucially, we optimized the system for high-speed interrogation, demonstrating a resolution of 0.65 × 10-2 m-1 even at measurement speeds exceeding 100 Hz. The system's multi-directional sensing capability and environmental stability were also experimentally validated, with average relative errors for curvature and direction of 1.09% and 1.91%, respectively. This work integrates high precision and dynamic capability into a compact sensing system, offering significant potential for real-time medical navigation and large-scale structural monitoring.

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