Assessment of hydrochemistry, fluoride distribution, and non-carcinogenic health risks in groundwater of the Manyara region, Tanzania

Key Points

• Non-carcinogenic health risks associated with fluoride exposure were significant in analyzed groundwater samples.
• Analysis found fluoride levels exceeding safe limits in 30% of groundwater sources, impacting local communities.
• Assessment using hydrochemical methods to evaluate water quality across various sites in Manyara region.
• Findings highlight the urgent need for monitoring and possibly mitigating fluoride exposure in drinking water.