Physical versus virtual mobility:the ecological systems of international students studying under different formats

Key Points

• Experiences of international students vary significantly based on their mobility format—physical or virtual.
• Data indicates that increasing numbers of international students opt for studying online in their home countries rather than in-person.
• The study examines different learning environments to understand their effects on student experiences and outcomes.
• Implications of these findings suggest the need for tailored support for students in both formats, considering their unique challenges.