Gastroduodenal Disorders

Symptoms that can be attributed to the gastroduodenal area are classified into five categories: (1) Functional Dyspepsia, with two subcategories that can overlap: Postprandial Distress Syndrome, with meal-induced symptoms of postprandial fullness or early satiation and Epigastric Pain Syndrome, with epigastric pain or burning that does not occur exclusively postprandially; (2) Nausea and Vomiting Disorders, which include three subcategories: chronic nausea and vomiting syndrome; cyclic vomiting syndrome; and cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome; (3) Excessive Belching Disorders, defined as audible escapes of air from the esophagus or the stomach and classified into 2 subcategories depending on the origin of the refluxed gas: gastric or supragastric belching; (4) Inability to Belch Syndrome, a new category defined by the self-reported inability to belch; and (5) rumination syndrome, defined by the repetitive, effortless regurgitation of recently ingested food into the mouth followed by the reswallowing or expulsion of the food bolus.