Observational analysis uncovers the importance of angle in constitutive relations for plane deformation trajectories, indicating refined modeling needs.
For the case of a simplified plane stress state and plane deformation trajectories, the constitutive relations between stresses and strains beyond the elastic limit in derivatives with respect to the parameter of tracing the loading process are obtained. The necessity of taking into account the sign of the approach angle between the tangent to the strain trajectory and the stress vector in the constitutive relations is shown.
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Subbotin et al. (2025) studied this question.
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