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Analysis of nonleptonic decay processes shows significant branching ratios in heavy mesons, suggesting broad implications for particle physics.
Recently, many new excited states of heavy mesons have been discovered in recent experiments, including radially excited states. The production processes of these states from the <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:msub> <a:mi>B</a:mi> <a:mrow> <a:mo stretchy="false">(</a:mo> <a:mi>s</a:mi> <a:mo stretchy="false">)</a:mo> </a:mrow> </a:msub> </a:math> meson have drawn significant interest. In this paper, we use the covariant light-front approach to study the nonleptonic <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <e:msub> <e:mi>B</e:mi> <e:mrow> <e:mo stretchy="false">(</e:mo> <e:mi>s</e:mi> <e:mo stretchy="false">)</e:mo> </e:mrow> </e:msub> </e:math> meson decays to the first radially excited states <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <i:msub> <i:mi>D</i:mi> <i:mrow> <i:mo stretchy="false">(</i:mo> <i:mi>s</i:mi> <i:mo stretchy="false">)</i:mo> </i:mrow> </i:msub> <i:mo stretchy="false">(</i:mo> <i:mn>2</i:mn> <i:mi>S</i:mi> <i:mo stretchy="false">)</i:mo> </i:math> and <o:math xmlns:o="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <o:msubsup> <o:mi>D</o:mi> <o:mrow> <o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo> <o:mi>s</o:mi> <o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo> </o:mrow> <o:mo>*</o:mo> </o:msubsup> <o:mo stretchy="false">(</o:mo> <o:mn>2</o:mn> <o:mi>S</o:mi> <o:mo stretchy="false">)</o:mo> </o:math> . Our results reveal that many channels exhibit large branching ratios in the range <u:math xmlns:u="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <u:msup> <u:mn>10</u:mn> <u:mrow> <u:mo>−</u:mo> <u:mn>5</u:mn> </u:mrow> </u:msup> <u:mi>–</u:mi> <u:msup> <u:mn>10</u:mn> <u:mrow> <u:mo>−</u:mo> <u:mn>4</u:mn> </u:mrow> </u:msup> </u:math> , even up to <w:math xmlns:w="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <w:msup> <w:mn>10</w:mn> <w:mrow> <w:mo>−</w:mo> <w:mn>3</w:mn> </w:mrow> </w:msup> </w:math> for individual channels, which are detectable by current experiments. Our predictions for the decays <y:math xmlns:y="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <y:msub> <y:mi>B</y:mi> <y:mrow> <y:mo stretchy="false">(</y:mo> <y:mi>s</y:mi> <y:mo stretchy="false">)</y:mo> </y:mrow> </y:msub> <y:mo stretchy="false">→</y:mo> <y:msubsup> <y:mi>D</y:mi> <y:mrow> <y:mo stretchy="false">(</y:mo> <y:mi>s</y:mi> <y:mo stretchy="false">)</y:mo> </y:mrow> <y:mrow> <y:mo stretchy="false">(</y:mo> <y:mo>*</y:mo> <y:mo stretchy="false">)</y:mo> </y:mrow> </y:msubsup> <y:mo stretchy="false">(</y:mo> <y:mn>2</y:mn> <y:mi>S</y:mi> <y:mo stretchy="false">)</y:mo> <y:mo stretchy="false">(</y:mo> <y:mi>π</y:mi> <y:mo>,</y:mo> <y:mi>ρ</y:mi> <y:mo>,</y:mo> <y:msup> <y:mi>K</y:mi> <y:mrow> <y:mo stretchy="false">(</y:mo> <y:mo>*</y:mo> <y:mo stretchy="false">)</y:mo> </y:mrow> </y:msup> <y:mo stretchy="false">)</y:mo> </y:math> are larger than those given by the Bethe-Salpeter (BS) equation method, but agree well with the relativistic quark mode (RQM) and the relativistic independent quark model (RIQM) calculations. For comparison, we also present the branching ratios of the decays <nb:math xmlns:nb="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <nb:msub> <nb:mi>B</nb:mi> <nb:mrow> <nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo> <nb:mi>s</nb:mi> <nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo> </nb:mrow> </nb:msub> <nb:mo stretchy="false">→</nb:mo> <nb:msubsup> <nb:mi>D</nb:mi> <nb:mrow> <nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo> <nb:mi>s</nb:mi> <nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo> </nb:mrow> <nb:mrow> <nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo> <nb:mo>*</nb:mo> <nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo> </nb:mrow> </nb:msubsup> <nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo> <nb:mn>1</nb:mn> <nb:mi>S</nb:mi> <nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo> <nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo> <nb:mi>π</nb:mi> <nb:mo>,</nb:mo> <nb:mi>ρ</nb:mi> <nb:mo>,</nb:mo> <nb:msup> <nb:mi>K</nb:mi> <nb:mrow> <nb:mo stretchy="false">(</nb:mo> <nb:mo>*</nb:mo> <nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo> </nb:mrow> </nb:msup> <nb:mo stretchy="false">)</nb:mo> </nb:math> , which are comparable with other theoretical results and the data. Although the branching ratios of the decays <cc:math xmlns:cc="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <cc:msub> <cc:mi>B</cc:mi> <cc:mrow> <cc:mo stretchy="false">(</cc:mo> <cc:mi>s</cc:mi> <cc:mo stretchy="false">)</cc:mo> </cc:mrow> </cc:msub> <cc:mo stretchy="false">→</cc:mo> <cc:msubsup> <cc:mi>D</cc:mi> <cc:mrow> <cc:mo stretchy="false">(</cc:mo> <cc:mi>s</cc:mi> <cc:mo stretchy="false">)</cc:mo> </cc:mrow> <cc:mo>*</cc:mo> </cc:msubsup> <cc:mo stretchy="false">(</cc:mo> <cc:mn>1</cc:mn> <cc:mi>S</cc:mi> <cc:mo stretchy="false">)</cc:mo> <cc:mo stretchy="false">(</cc:mo> <cc:mi>ρ</cc:mi> <cc:mo>,</cc:mo> <cc:msup> <cc:mi>K</cc:mi> <cc:mo>*</cc:mo> </cc:msup> <cc:mo stretchy="false">)</cc:mo> </cc:math> are much larger than those of the decays <nc:math xmlns:nc="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <nc:msub> <nc:mi>B</nc:mi> <nc:mrow> <nc:mo stretchy="false">(</nc:mo> <nc:mi>s</nc:mi> <nc:mo stretchy="false">)</nc:mo> </nc:mrow> </nc:msub> <
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