Neglected role of extracellular polymeric substances in manganese redox driven nitrogen removal: Inspired from biofilm metabolism

Key Points

• Manganese redox processes play a significant role in nitrogen removal, enhancing treatment efficiency for wastewater.
• Key evidence shows that extracellular polymeric substances increase nitrogen removal rates by an estimated 30% during manganese cycling.
• Observational analysis focuses on biofilm metabolism to assess the mechanisms behind nitrogen removal via manganese redox activities.
• Understanding this relationship may enable improved wastewater treatment strategies, addressing environmental concerns in water systems.