Objective: To report a rare case of giant mediastinal desmoid-type fibromatosis (DTF) in the puerperium, with emphasis on the challenges of determining optimal surgical timing in the early postpartum period. Methods: Retrospectively analyzed clinical data of a 25-year-old postpartum woman with giant mediastinal DTF presenting with chest pain, dyspnea, and dysphagia after cesarean section. Imaging revealed a massive tumor causing severe cardiac and pulmonary compression. The patient underwent surgical resection 27 days postpartum. Results: The successfully resected tumor weighed approximately 5.5 kg. Postoperative pathology confirmed DTF. The patient recovered well without serious complications. Conclusion: Giant mediastinal DTF in the puerperium is extremely rare and presents significant surgical challenges. For postpartum cases presenting with severe compressive symptoms, individualized assessment of surgical timing is crucial, weighing the risks of early postpartum intervention against potential life-threatening cardiopulmonary compromise. Multidisciplinary collaboration is key to successful management. Keywords: desmoid-type fibromatosis, mediastinal neoplasms, puerperium, postpartum, surgical treatment, case report
Mo et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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