Prevalence of elevated Lipoprotein (a) among young and middle-aged patients with acute coronary syndrome and its correlation with angiographic findings at Sulaimani Cardiac Hospital

Background and objectives: The relation of elevated lipoprotein (a) to severity of coronary artery disease is still debatable. This study was conducted to show the correlation between high levels of Lipoprotein (a) and severity of coronary artery disease. Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study, conducted at Sulaimani Cardiac Hospital in Sulaimani-Iraq, from March/2024 to June/2024. The sample consisted of 150 cases of acute coronary syndrome. The blood was sent for lipid profile, and patients were taken to the catheterization lab for further management. SYNTAX score was calculated to determine the correlation between coronary artery disease severity and SYNTAX score. Results: Out of 150 participants, 115(76.7%) were males and 35(23.3%) were females. The mean age was 51.6±7.193, ranging from 25 to 59 years. There was a significant positive correlation between Lp (a) ? 126 nmol/L and SYNTAX score ( p < o.oo1).Overall,30.6% of the cases (n= 46, 38 males and 8 females) had abnormal Lp (a) results ( more than 75 nmol/L).Patients with highest lipoprotein(a) were more likely to be older (mean age = 56,27±5.22 , p = 0.03 ).There was a positive correlation between cases with positive family history and elevated lipoprotein(a)( p = 0.012).No statistically significant correlation was established among other risk factors( Diabetes, hypertension, smoking , lifestyle , previous angiography, ethnicity , and body mass index) and lipoprotein( a ) level. Conclusion: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between elevated Lp (a) and severity of coronary lesions assessed by SYNTAX score.