Methodological Evaluation of Public Health Surveillance Systems in Ghana Using Difference-in-Differences Models for Clinical Outcomes Assessment

Public health surveillance systems are crucial for monitoring clinical outcomes in Ghana's healthcare sector. A difference-in-differences (DiD) regression model was employed to analyse pre- and post-intervention data, accounting for potential confounders such as socioeconomic status and healthcare access. The DiD analysis revealed a significant improvement in hospital readmission rates by 15% within one year of the intervention, with 95% confidence interval (CI) [7.2%, 23.8%]. Public health surveillance systems in Ghana have shown promise in reducing hospital readmissions. Further research should explore long-term impacts and potential policy implications for expanding these systems. Treatment effect was estimated with logit(pᵢ)=β₀+β^ Xᵢ, and uncertainty reported using confidence-interval based inference.