Technology review of modern sensor technology for maritime search and rescue operations

Search and Rescue (SAR) operations in the maritime environment are characterised by a variety of challenges. The most significant of these is the location of missing persons under difficult conditions, such as fog, rain, nighttime, rough seas, turbid waters, and high currents. A further challenge arises in circumstances where the individual is no longer visible on the surface of the water. In this particular context, the employment of modern sensors and automated object detection algorithms have the potential to yield a substantial advantage. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the various sensor types and data processing methods that have been proven to be of significant benefit in search and rescue missions at sea.