The association between smoking and joint pain in women attending a specialized menopause clinic.

Key Points

• The research investigates the link between smoking and the experience of joint pain in menopausal women.
• Observational study design
• Population: women attending a menopause clinic
• Assessments of smoking habits and joint pain
• Analysis of estrogen-related pathways
• Smoking is associated with higher levels of joint pain
• Estrogen pathways may contribute to this link
• Suggests smoking could be a modifiable risk factor for joint symptoms