Shape Memory Polymers: An Overview

Shape memory polymers (SMPs), characterized by their tunable stimulus responsiveness and exceptional manufacturability, represent a leading research frontier in the field of smart materials. This review provides a systematic examination of the SMP‐based composites domain, focusing on their preparation methods, quantitative characterization parameters and various stimulus‐responsive mechanisms. It comprehensively covers recent research advances in thermally, solvent, light, electrically and magnetically induced SMPs. Particular emphasis is placed on composite material strategies such as the incorporation of nanofillers, construction of interpenetrating networks and design of multiphase systems for enhancing material properties. The review delves into the principles underlying these various response mechanisms and their intrinsic connection to material design. Finally, based on a summary of existing achievements, it identifies current challenges in areas such as standardized testing, long‐term durability and multifunctional integration.