Degree, duration and cause of vision loss in cases of uveitis

Objectives: Uveitis is a significant cause of ocular morbidity and blindness worldwide, particularly in developing countries. Its varied clinical presentation, uncertain aetiology and potential for chronic inflammation make early recognition and management essential. Understanding the clinical patterns and associated vision loss in uveitis patients can guide effective diagnosis and treatment strategies. The aim of the study is to study the clinical patterns of uveitis and their correlation with the degree, duration and cause of vision loss in patients referred to a tertiary care hospital in India. Materials and Methods: A Descriptive study was conducted on 50 patients diagnosed with uveitis at the M and J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology from September 2018 to 2020. Detailed demographic data, clinical history, ocular examination, systemic evaluation and relevant investigations were recorded. The patients were followed for 2 years. Visual loss was categorised into moderate (6/18–6/36) and severe (<6/60) and the final best-corrected visual acuity was used to assess outcomes. Results: Anterior uveitis was the most common anatomical form (44%), followed by panuveitis (36%). Acute presentation was observed in 56% of cases, while 44% had chronic disease. Unilateral involvement was slightly more frequent (54%) than bilateral. Systemic illness was associated with 36% of patients, while 64% had no identifiable systemic condition. Investigative positivity was low, with 64% of patients showing negative serological results. Vision loss correlated strongly with panuveitis and posterior segment involvement. Conclusion: Uveitis presents with diverse clinical features and its complications can lead to permanent vision loss if not managed effectively. A significant proportion of cases remain idiopathic despite detailed investigations. Anatomical classification, disease chronicity and systemic associations are key factors in predicting visual prognosis. Multidisciplinary evaluation and individualised treatment are essential to improve outcomes in uveitis patients. With more specific and sophisticated investigations and treatment modalities, the sight-threatening complications and the resulting effect on the socioeconomic performance of the working population can be handled more efficiently.