Illustrative case demonstrates successful treatment of hemifacial spasm by addressing vascular anomalies.
A large VA fenestration may represent a persistent primitive lateral basilovertebral anastomosis. Successful surgical treatment requires a precise preoperative understanding of the complex vascular architecture and consideration of the limitations imposed by perforating branches during arterial transposition. https://thejns.org/doi/10.3171/CASE25777.
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Matsumiya et al. (2026) studied this question.
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