Review of the Impact of Chat GPT on Human Memory: A Neuronal Perspective

Abstarct The rapid integration of generative Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly Chat GPT, has significantly transformed how humans access, process, and internalize information. This paper examines the impact of Chat GPT on human memory from a neuronal and neuroscience-based perspective. Drawing on principles of synaptic plasticity, Hebbian learning, hippocampal–cortical interactions, and cognitive offloading, the study analyzes how different modes of Chat GPT usage influence memory encoding, consolidation, and retrieval. The paper conceptually differentiates between passive reliance on AI-generated outputs and active, reflective engagement with AI tools. Passive use may reduce hippocampal activation and weaken long-term memory consolidation due to decreased cognitive effort and limited synaptic reinforcement. In contrast, active interaction—such as questioning, reasoning, and self-explanation—stimulates prefrontal cortex engagement and supports deeper conceptual encoding. The study further integrates classical Sanskrit insights on repetition and memory strengthening with modern neurobiological theories, highlighting parallels between traditional wisdom and Hebbian learning mechanisms. Visual illustrations of neurons, synapses, and memory reinforcement are used to demonstrate how repetition and effort shape neural networks. The paper argues that while Chat GPT does not directly modify neuronal structures, it significantly modulates neural activation patterns that influence memory outcomes. When used in a balanced and guided manner, Chat GPT can enhance conceptual understanding and metacognitive skills without undermining core memory systems. The findings underscore the importance of intentional AI usage in educational and cognitive contexts to preserve and strengthen human memory processes.