Abstract: Bengali Muslims, constituting a significant demographic in West Bengal, have historically navigated a complex political landscape marked by marginality and mobilization. This chapter examines the socio-political position of Bengali Muslims, analyzing their electoral participation, representation, and the challenges they face within the broader democratic framework. The study begins with a historical overview, tracing their role from colonial Bengal, through the Partition of 1947, and into contemporary political dynamics. It highlights the shifting alliances of Bengali Muslim voters, from the Congress era to the dominance of the Left Front and the current competitive space shared by the TMC, BJP, and regional parties. A key focus of this chapter is the socio-economic marginalization of Bengali Muslims, exploring disparities in education, employment, and political representation. Through statistical data, case studies, and empirical analysis, the study sheds light on the underrepresentation of Muslims in legislative bodies and the structural barriers that hinder their political engagement. The chapter further discusses identity politics, the impact of communal narratives, and the role of social organizations, grassroots movements, and youth engagement in mobilizing political participation. Despite challenges such as fragmentation of the Muslim vote, discrimination, and policy barriers, this chapter also highlights emerging trends and future prospects. It suggests policy interventions and community-driven strategies to enhance representation and political agency. The study concludes by advocating for a more inclusive political landscape where Bengali Muslims can transcend marginality and assert their democratic rights more effectively.
Md. Ali Jinna (Sun,) studied this question.