The Anslow Process: Continuous Extrusion and Iso-Baric Sintering of Vitreous-Carbon FGMs for sCO2 Turbines

THE ANSLOW PROCESS: Vitreous-Carbon FGM for sCO2 Turbines **Inventor & Architect:** Paul Anslow **Institution:** The Luminous Treasury **Date of Publication:** March 12, 2026 ## 🌍 DECLARATION OF OPEN SOURCE LICENSING (CERN-OHL-S) I, Paul Anslow, hereby release the entirety of the "Anslow Process" and the "Vitreous-Carbon Functionally Graded Material (FGM)" architecture into the public domain under the **CERN Open Hardware Licence Version 2 - Strongly Reciprocal (CERN-OHL-S)**. This repository serves as formal **Prior Art**. The technologies, manufacturing pipelines, and material specifications detailed herein cannot be patented, restricted, or monopolized by any private, corporate, or state entity. The purpose of this release is to eliminate the economic bottlenecks of supercritical carbon dioxide (sCO2) containment, thereby accelerating global carbon capture initiatives and next-generation thermodynamic power generation. --- ## 🔬 ABSTRACT The transition to supercritical Carbon Dioxide (sCO2) Brayton cycles represents a paradigm shift in thermal power generation, offering unprecedented thermodynamic efficiencies. However, sCO2 acts as a hyper-solvent at operational parameters (e.g., 700°C, 30 MPa), causing severe carburization and embrittlement in traditional metallic containment vessels. This project open-sources a novel material architecture: a Vitreous-Carbon Functionally Graded Material (FGM), transitioning seamlessly from a chemically inert Silicon Carbide (SiC) inner face to a high-tensile Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Carbon (C/C) outer shell. Crucially, this repository details the "Anslow Process," a revolutionary manufacturing methodology that solves the historical bottlenecks of FGM fabrication. By utilizing continuous gradient extrusion, a transient paraffin-wax binder, Supercritical Fluid Extraction (SFE) for non-destructive debinding, and Microwave-Assisted Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP) for zero-porosity sintering, we present a scalable, economically viable pathway to unbreakable sCO2 containment. ## ⚙️ CORE INNOVATIONS **1. The 4.2mm Golden Ratio** A simple lamination or coating of SiC onto a Carbon substrate fails due to the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (CTE) mismatch, leading to spallation. The Anslow Process utilizes an exact 4.2mm transition zone from 100% SiC to 100% C/C, allowing the material to expand and contract as a single, unified organism. **2. Continuous Gradient Extrusion & SFE Debinding** Bypassing the exorbitant time costs of Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) and the "Recoater Problem" of 3D printing, the process extrudes a "Green State" pipe utilizing a specialized Paraffin Wax binder. The pipe is then flooded with sCO2, which acts as a hyper-solvent to non-destructively extract the wax without the capillary action that destroys powder gradients during thermal debinding. **3. Microwave-Assisted Hot Isostatic Pressing (HIP)** The debound, porous pipe is pressurized in a microwave furnace with inert Argon gas up to 30,000 PSI. This extreme heat and omnidirectional pressure squeeze micro-pores out of existence and cause the mechanically stepped gradient to melt and diffuse into a mathematically perfect, continuous atomic curve. **4. Absolute Industrial Ecology (The Cogeneration Loop)** The factory operates as a closed-loop thermodynamic recursion. A Free-Piston Compander utilizes the 30,000 PSI kinetic force of the Argon blow-off to kinetically crush the sCO2 to 4,300 PSI, bypassing the electrical compressor entirely and reducing the parasitic load of the turbine to near zero. --- *Please see the uploaded PDF document for full mathematical calculations, material specifications, and thermodynamic schematics.*