Purpose The aim of this study was to report on the biometric characteristics of the eyes with congenital cataract (CC) and microcornea (suggesting a novel index to characterize the anterior segment of children eyes with CC) and to compare it to the equivalent values in children with CC and otherwise normal eye dimensions. Patients and methods This is a prospective case–control study that was conducted on 17 children (six males and 11 females) presenting with CC and microcornea (cases group) and 20 age-matched children (11 males and nine females) presenting with CC only (control group). Thorough history was taken from the care providers. Office examination was followed by examination under anesthesia and ultrasound biomicroscopy. The main outcome measures were the biometric characteristics of the eyes with CC and microcornea and suggesting the ratio of the lens equatorial diameter to the sulcus-to-sulcus distance (expressed as percentage) to characterize the anterior segment of eyes with CC. Results The mean age of the cases at presentation was 5.9±7.1 months (range=1.8–30.5 months) that matched that of the controls (mean=8.4±5.0 months, range=2.7–18.3 months), ( P =0.225). There was a statistically significant difference between the eyes of the cases and controls in the corneal diameter (9.7±0.4 and 11.46±0.5 mm, respectively, P <0.001), central corneal thickness (588.9±72.8 and 546.0±37.5 µm, respectively, P =0.003), lens thickness (2.14±1.17 and 3.28±1.12 mm, respectively, P =0.0001), ciliary process length (1.34±0.37 and 1.20±0.23 mm, respectively, P =0.015), sulcus-to-sulcus distance (9.08±0.88 and 10.73±0.54 mm, respectively, P <0.001), nondilated pupil diameter (1.57±0.81 and 2.83±1.55 mm, respectively, P =0.0001), lens equatorial diameter (6.02±1.11 and 8.0±0.6 mm, respectively, P <0.001), lens vault (−0.01±0.43 and 0.52±0.47 mm, respectively, P <0.001), and lens equatorial diameter to sulcus-to-sulcus distance ratio (65.76±9.9 and 74.96±4.74%, respectively, P <0.001). Conclusion The whole of the anterior segment in the eyes with CC and microcornea was disproportionately smaller than the dimensions of the eyes with CC only. In eyes with microcornea, the ratio of lens equatorial diameter to the sulcus-to-sulcus distance was significantly less than in otherwise normal dimensions eyes.
Shakankiry et al. (2026) studied this question.