Exploratory study finds web and telephone interviews yield different reported symptoms, indicating mode effects in surveys.
Our results suggest that interviews via CATI resulted in higher numbers of reported symptoms collected via MC and free text and that both selection and measurement effects contributed to this increase. However, no evidence was found that the interview mode affected the overall findings of the CoVerlauf study.
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Herrera-Espejel et al. (2026) studied this question.
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