Abstract This research takes energy as the fundamental physical entity and proposes a minimal axiomatic system involving the intrinsic polarity of energy and energy-driven spacetime, constructing a physical model that uniformly describes temporal properties and fundamental interactions. The theory introduces a dimensionless mass-energy ratio parameter, establishes a quantitative relationship between the time flow rate and local energy activity, and provides a unified explanation for the kinematic time dilation in special relativity and the gravitational time effect in general relativity. Based on the interaction rules of attraction between opposite energy polarities and repulsion between identical energy polarities, the model presents the fundamental form of electromagnetic interaction. Furthermore, it derives the law of universal gravitation through the tiny symmetry breaking (magnitude 10^-36) between attractive and repulsive couplings in neutral systems, realizing the fundamental unification of gravity and electromagnetic force. The theory offers a consistent interpretation for the origin of quantum statistical behavior and the mechanism of fundamental interactions, and reconstructs the Hubble relation based on the cosmic spin hypothesis without introducing the ad-hoc dark energy hypothesis. This paper puts forward seven quantitative experimental predictions, among which the core crucial experiment is the measurement of the time effect in a coaxial capacitor cavity: under the condition that the gravitational potential, mass, and motion state are strictly controlled to remain unchanged, the model predicts that the time flow rate will undergo a measurable change only by altering the electromagnetic polarization state, which is proportional to the square of the charging voltage. This prediction is clearly distinguishable from existing mainstream theories. The theory is consistent with known experimental observations, and all its inferences are falsifiable, which can provide a new research path for the unification of fundamental physics. Due to the limitation of mobile devices, I am unable to input complete text to display formulas. Therefore, the formulas are presented in the form of images in the document. I apologize for any inconvenience caused.
宜清 贺 (Mon,) studied this question.