Network Pharmacology and Transcriptomic Analysis Reveal the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Xiebai Bining Decoction in Hyperuricemic Nephropathy

Introduction: T cell exhaustion plays a critical role in the progression of hyperuricemic nephropathy. Xiebai Bining Decoction can alleviate hyperuricemic nephropathy. However, the precise multi-target mechanisms underlying its therapeutic benefits remain unclear. Therefore, the study aimed to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which Xiebai Bining Decoction regulates T cell exhaustion in hyperuricemic nephropathy and identify novel molecular targets for precise traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)-based interventions. Methods: Network pharmacology was used to predict the active compounds and potential targets of Xiebai Bining Decoction based on oral bioavailability and drug-likeness. Transcriptomic data from a hyperuricemic nephropathy mouse model were used to validate and expand these predictions. Results: Integrated network pharmacology and transcriptomic analyses revealed the key biological processes, including regulation of T cell activation, negative regulation of T cell activation, and negative regulation of defense responses, as well as enriched pathways. Discussion: The integrated approach effectively revealed the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of the TCM Xiebai Bining Decoction in hyperuricemic nephropathy. These findings highlight the immunoregulatory effects of Xiebai Bining Decoction, particularly its ability to attenuate T cell exhaustion, and suggest promising molecular targets for targeted intervention. Additional clinical and mechanistic studies are warranted to validate these findings further and develop effective therapies for hyperuricemic nephropathy. conclusion: This study clarified the therapeutic mechanisms of Xiebai Bining Tang for hyperuricemic nephropathy by combining network pharmacology and transcriptomics, revealing key pathways involved in T cell exhaustion, immune modulation, and renal protection. Conclusion: This study elucidated the therapeutic mechanisms of Xiebai Bining Decoction in hyperuricemic nephropathy, including key pathways involved in T cell exhaustion, immune modulation, and renal protection.