Economic Blocs in Eswatini: An Ethnographic Comparative Study

Eswatini (formerly known as Swaziland) is a small country in southern Africa that has historically lacked significant economic integration with its neighbors due to geopolitical and socio-economic factors. The research employs qualitative methods including participant observation, in-depth interviews, and document reviews to explore how these economic blocs affect Eswatini's economic policies and social systems. A key finding is that while both EDCO and SACU have led to increased trade volumes between member countries, the level of integration varies significantly, with SACU having a more pronounced effect on reducing tariffs and fostering cross-border cooperation. The study concludes that although economic blocs provide opportunities for growth and development, they also pose challenges related to governance and socio-economic disparities within Eswatini's borders. Given the contrasting impacts of these blocs, policymakers in Eswatini should consider adopting a flexible approach to regional integration that balances national interests with broader economic goals.