patient engagement across diverse populations and care settings. Spanning different healthcare contexts, policy changes, disease states, and behavioral frameworks, these articles demonstrate that medication use emerges from a complex interplay of individual beliefs, social norms, healthcare professionals' interactions, and environmental factors.Theoretical models can specify mechanisms that drive decision-making, and articulate why patients with similar demographic profiles may adopt different medication use patterns. A coherent narrative of this Research Topic is that medication use is best understood as a dynamic and complex behavioral process, depending on individuals' belief systems, past experiences, and social influences. For
Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.