Large-scale analysis reveals risk factors for ocular complications in individuals with orbital fractures, indicating need for urgent evaluation.
Sports-related injuries, male sex, non-trapdoor fractures, combined medial wall and orbital floor fractures and zygomatic or maxilla bone fracture are risk factors for ocular complications. Golf and baseball related orbital fractures are associated with a particularly high incidence of ocular complications, and urgent ophthalmologic examination is warranted in these cases.
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Oku et al. (2026) studied this question.
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