Abstract

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Diabetes Mellitus are two prevalent endocrine and metabolic disorders that share common pathophysiological features, particularly insulin resistance, hormonal imbalance, and oxidative stress. These conditions not only affect metabolic homeostasis but also contribute to reproductive dysfunction and long-term cardiovascular risks. Conventional pharmacological treatments, though effective, often come with side effects and limited long-term compliance, prompting interest in natural therapeutic alternatives. Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), a traditional medicinal herb, has gained scientific recognition for its significant role in managing metabolic and endocrine disorders. Its bioactive constituents- such as galactomannan, 4-hydroxyisoleucine, diosgenin, and trigonelline- demonstrate insulin-sensitizing, hypoglycemic, lipid-lowering, and hormonal regulatory effects. Data from randomized controlled trials and open-label studies were collected and analyzed together. Additionally, it effectively reduces fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, and oxidative stress markers in diabetic individuals. Overall, fenugreek represents a safe, affordable, and evidence-based herbal approach to managing PCOS and Diabetes Mellitus. Continued research into its molecular mechanisms, dosage optimization, and pharmacokinetic interactions could further establish its role as a reliable phytotherapeutic agent in integrative healthcare.

Key Points