This framework demonstrates how global structures emerge from local constraints, highlighting implications for physical systems.
This work introduces the concept of the Leyn Manifold Spanner, a framework for describing constrained manifold structures in cosmological and physical systems. The construction investigates how global manifold structures may emerge from locally constrained regions when boundary conditions, causal limitations, and structural constraints are taken into account. The analysis explores how constrained connectivity between local regions can generate coherent global manifold structures without requiring globally defined states or globally consistent coordinate descriptions. The framework provides a structural perspective on how physical systems may organize across cosmological scales while remaining consistent with local constraints imposed by horizons, causal boundaries, and information limitations.
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Joquin Leyn Pillay (2026) studied this question.
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