MicroRNAs: Tiny Molecules Making a Big Impact on Agriculture

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules that play a crucial role in regulating gene expression in plants through post-transcriptional mechanisms. They influence key physiological processes such as growth, development, stress tolerance, and defense responses. With increasing climate challenges and the need for sustainable agriculture, miRNAs have emerged as powerful tools for developing resilient and high-yielding crops. Advances in technologies such as artificial miRNAs, short tandem target mimics, topical RNA applications, and CRISPR-Cas9 editing have expanded their practical applications. Despite challenges in validation and delivery, miRNA-based strategies hold immense potential for advancing climate-smart and sustainable agricultural systems worldwide.