A review of the clinical efficacy of monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based therapies for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM)

The widespread use of daratumumab and isatuximab in first-line therapy and evolving roles of CAR T-cell therapies and bispecific antibodies are reshaping RRMM treatment. mAb/ADC-based regimens remain key options in this setting, offering practical, effective, and tolerable approaches for real-world practice. Ongoing research will inform individualized treatment choices and rational sequencing of therapies, with a need for immune-based biomarkers and biologic profiling to enable optimal, integrated use of mAbs, ADCs, CAR T-cell therapies, and bispecific antibodies to further improve outcomes for patients with RRMM.