Spatial and Temporal Variations of Ambient PM₂.₅, NO₂, and O₃ in Kigali: Evidence and Policy Implications from a Multi-Year, Citywide Monitoring Network

Key Points

• This research aims to analyze the variations of ambient air pollutants in Kigali over several years.
• Conducted citywide monitoring of PM₂.₅, NO₂, and O₃ levels.
• Analyzed spatial and temporal variations in air quality data.
• Utilized high-resolution data from multiple monitoring sites.
• Identified distinct spatial distribution patterns of PM₂.₅, NO₂, and O₃.
• Observed significant temporal fluctuations in pollutant levels.
• Provided insights that underline the need for targeted air quality management policies.