Geo-political Vulnerability within Academia as Viewed Through the Cartographic Representation of Nine-Dash Line

SUZUKI Koshiro

doi:10.4157/ejgeo.21.101

January 1, 2026E-journal GEOOpen Access

Geo-political Vulnerability within Academia as Viewed Through the Cartographic Representation of Nine-Dash Line

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Key Points

The research aims to examine how uncritically the nine-dash line is accepted in academic circles without international acknowledgment.
Analyzed 25,144 scholarly articles from five geography journals on ScienceDirect.
Extracted 242 maps depicting China and the South China Sea.
Categorized authors into three groups based on their affiliation and analyzed the presence of the nine-dash line through logistic regression.
Chinese researchers showed a positive relationship with the presence of the nine-dash line (adjusted odds ratio 2.44).
Foreign researchers exhibited a negative association with the nine-dash line's presence (adjusted odds ratio 0.08).
The current submission rules may overlook unilateral territorial adjustments, posing risks to academic integrity.

Implication

This analysis reveals the bias in academic geography journals regarding the cartographic representation of borders in China, indicating a larger issue of geopolitical influence.

Abstract

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Cite This Study

SUZUKI Koshiro (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69be35d76e48c4981c6743fd https://doi.org/10.4157/ejgeo.21.101

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Geo-political Vulnerability within Academia as Viewed Through the Cartographic Representation of Nine-Dash Line

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Geo-political Vulnerability within Academia as Viewed Through the Cartographic Representation of Nine-Dash Line

Key Points

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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