Process-Control Systems Evaluation in Nigerian Context: Quasi-Experimental Design for Yield Improvement Measurement

Process-control systems (PCS) are widely used in various industries to enhance productivity and quality control. In Nigeria, there is a growing interest in adopting PCS for agricultural settings to improve crop yields. However, empirical evidence on their effectiveness is limited. A quasi-experimental design was employed with two groups: an intervention group receiving PCS and a control group without PCS. Data were collected through pre- and post-intervention surveys and field measurements over a period of six months. The intervention group demonstrated an average yield increase of 15% compared to the control group, indicating that PCS can significantly enhance agricultural productivity in Nigerian settings. The quasi-experimental design provided robust evidence for the effectiveness of process-control systems in improving crop yields in Nigeria. These findings suggest a positive impact on both farmers' income and environmental sustainability. Given the promising results, further research should be conducted to explore long-term impacts, scalability, and potential economic benefits of implementing PCS in Nigerian agricultural settings. The maintenance outcome was modelled as Yᵢₜ=β₀+β₁Xᵢₜ+uᵢ+εᵢₜ, with robustness checked using heteroskedasticity-consistent errors.