Climate Change and Crop Adaptation in Sahelian Savana Region of Nigeria

The investigation into the consequences of climatic pressures on agricultural output has emerged as a central concern for agronomists and policymakers globally. This review specifically aims to fill in knowledge gaps regarding how certain climate changes affect agriculture in Nigeria, particularly in the Savanna region. Recent research has indicated that as temperatures rise, soil organic carbon (SOC) levels decrease, especially in areas with high initial SOC levels. Reduced crop yields in Sahelian agro-ecosystems are primarily a result of a shorter growing season, caused by higher atmospheric temperatures. Diminished agricultural residues contribute to lower levels of SOC and nitrogen, posing a threat to crop production globally. To counteract this risk, strategies like adjusting times for crop planting, developing climate-resilient crop varieties, using nitrogen fertilization, disease prevention and pest control should be put into place.