Comprehensive Experimental Database for Validating CFD Simulations in Urban Wind Environment: Benchmark Cases Curated by the Architectural Institute of Japan

Reliable validation data are essential for ensuring the accuracy and applicability of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations used to analyze urban wind environments. This data paper presents a comprehensive experimental database curated by a working group of the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ) to support CFD validation. The database includes 13 benchmark cases, ranging from simplified building geometries to complex urban configurations, with measurements of wind velocity, turbulence, pollutant (tracer) concentration, and temperature under various flow and thermal conditions. The experimental data were compiled from both existing and newly conducted wind‐tunnel and field measurements, collected through collaborations among universities, research institutes, and industry. These cases provide a standardized and versatile basis for evaluating CFD model performance, facilitating uncertainty assessment, inter‐model comparison, and best‐practice development. Each case includes detailed information on experimental setups and measurement techniques to aid reproducibility and application. All datasets are publicly available through open data repositories and have already been widely used in numerous validation studies worldwide. This data paper aims to encourage continued use and broader dissemination of these benchmark cases, thereby enhancing the reliability and credibility of CFD predictions in urban wind and pollutant dispersion analyses.