Cosmological Update Dynamics: A Probabilistic Framework for Structural Evolution of the Universe

This work proposes a conceptual framework called Cosmological Update Dynamics (CUD), in which the universe is modeled as a non-equilibrium system driven by constrained stochastic update processes. The framework introduces key variables including update flux (ρ), structural potential (u), instability (ϕ), dynamic thresholds (ϕc), and emergent stable modes (ψ), forming a hierarchical description of structural evolution. Within this framework, gravity may be interpreted as arising from gradients of structural potential, effective propagation speed may emerge from the relation c² ∼ ρu (subject to intrinsic bounds), and cosmic expansion may be understood as redistribution of accumulated structural potential. Rather than assuming spacetime and matter as fundamental entities, this work suggests that observable reality may emerge from underlying probabilistic structural update dynamics. This version (v2.5) focuses on establishing the conceptual and structural foundation of the framework. Quantitative formulation, connections to established physical theories, and observational implications remain directions for future work. This framework provides a new perspective in which the universe is understood as an ongoing process of structural updates rather than a static entity.