This article examines phonetic evidence of sign U 23 in Egyptian language, indicating a value of mr instead of mแธฅr.
The article examines the reading of the sign ๐ in the Old and Middle Kingdom and concludes that the phonetic value must be mr and not mแธฅr. Four pieces of evidence are used to support this conclusion. The first three come from onomastics and show the interchangeability of ๐ with ๐ ๐, ๐, and ๐ธ. The fourth piece of evidence is a prefixed form of the verb ๐๐ ๐๐ ช from the Pyramid Texts, which proves that the verb consists of two radicals, meaning that it must be mr and not mแธฅr.
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Peter Pathappan (2026) studied this question.
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