Carbon Reduction Planting Design for Apartment Using BIM

Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital transformation framework that enables continuous collaboration by integrating 3D modeling with standardized processes across the entire construction lifecycle—including planning, design, construction, and maintenance—through the input and management of attribute information for individual components(Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport [MOLIT], 2020). Through BIM, a collaborative system that integrates digital construction information and processes, rapid, data-driven decision-making is supported. This approach aims not only to enhance productivity but also to minimize risks and maximize quality, safety, and environmental sustainability, thereby achieving digitalization of the construction industry (Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport [MOLIT], 2020). Although BIM adoption is rapidly expanding throughout the construction sector, the landscape architecture field continues to face significant challenges. These include substantial time and financial burdens associated with acquiring BIM software and training specialized personnel, as well as the inherent characteristics of landscape design, such as a high proportion of non-standardized design elements and numerous site-specific sub-trades. In response to these challenges, this study focuses on a landscape design case for a multi-family housing complex, where proactive measures are required to address the rapidly increasing occurrence of climate change-induced urban disasters. The objective of the study is to apply landscape BIM design and examine its practical applicability. First, among the 2D detailed design drawings of the target site, key landscape planning elements—such as topography (levels), circulation systems, and green spaces—were reconstructed at the planning stage level using the BIM software. Through a minimal BIM conversion process, the applicability and limitations of the landscape BIM design process that reflects the specific characteristics of the landscape architecture field were examined. Furthermore, for the planting design, this study developed 3D tree models incorporating growth rate and carbon storage capacity attributes using BIM. By using these models within a parametric design framework and applying algorithms that account for variable relationships, rapid simulations of carbon storage over time were conducted. Based on appropriate evaluations of these simulations, an optimal planting plan was established that aligns with carbon -reduction goals to address accelerating global warming.