Selenium Nanomaterials for Wound Healing: Synergistic Strategies from Anti‐Infection to Tissue Regeneration

This review synthesises current evidence on selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) as a therapeutic platform for wound repair. Owing to their multifunctional bioactivity, SeNPs can concurrently deliver antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, and proregenerative effects through diverse mechanisms. They may directly disrupt bacterial cell membranes and biofilms by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), regulate immune responses by modulating the balance between proinflammatory and anti‐inflammatory cytokines, and enhance tissue repair through Nrf2‐mediated antioxidant pathways that promote angiogenesis and remodelling of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Novel SeNP systems, including photothermal/photodynamic systems, have shown significant progress in improving wound healing through composite materials, immunomodulatory nanocomposites, pH/ROS‐responsive hydrogels, and 3D‐printed dressings. Key highlights include intelligent microenvironment‐responsive designs and integrated diagnostic‐therapeutic platforms. Overall, their favourable biocompatibility and notable therapeutic performance make SeNPs promising for addressing the multifactorial challenges of chronic wounds and may facilitate the clinical translation of SeNP‐based interventions.