Use of Intentionally Exposed d‐PTFE Membrane for Preservation of Alveolar Bone After Tooth Extraction

Background Guided bone regeneration (GBR)/ROG is a bone augmentation technique consisting in the use of membranes that serve as barriers, thus preventing the migration of epithelial cells into bone defects, which allows only bone‐forming cells to occupy the defect site. This procedure is indicated when there is insufficient bone volume for the placement of implants. Methods A literature review and a clinical case report were carried out to show the importance of using dense expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (d‐PTFE) membrane for alveolar bone defects. This membrane is exposed to the oral environment for preservation of the alveolus after extraction without the introduction of biomaterials, thus leaving the sockets filled only with clot. Two measurements were performed in the alveolus of tooth #47 through tomography, one immediately after extraction and another 90 days later, to identify loss or gain of bone tissue in this period. Results The results of the clinical case were reported immediately after membrane removal, showing a highly vascularized dense bone matrix after the filling of the alveolus. The adjacent gingival epithelium migrated through the bone matrix, forming a thick keratinized gingiva. The architecture corresponding to soft tissues was preserved, including interdental papillae, with new bone beginning to form in the alveolus. Conclusion The use of d‐PTFE membrane in post‐extraction alveoli proved to be effective in minimizing bone loss in height and thickness, enabling future placement of dental implants. This d‐PTFE membrane can be used with great efficiency and predictability in cases of alveolar preservation, in addition to leading to full regeneration of soft tissues after extraction. From the literature and results obtained, further studies should be carried out to evaluate the efficacy of the use of d‐PTFE membrane for bone maintenance after tooth extraction.