Social investment funds have emerged as an essential mechanism for alleviating poverty and social vulnerability, especially in the area of inequality and uneven access to public resources. Despite a rise of government-led social investment initiatives, access to these programmes remains unequal across populations. The study examines how structural and demographic factors influence programme participation including N-Power, conditional cash transfers (CCT), the Government Enterprise and Empowerment Programme (GEEP), and the Lagos State Health Scheme. Anchored on social exclusion theory, the study adopted a mixed-method design. Quantitative data were collected through a survey of 385 respondents, while qualitative data were generated from 30 in-depth interviews and key informant interviews. The study was conducted across Alimosho LG (urban) and Badagry LG (rural). Findings reveal high awareness of programmes, particularly GEEP and the Lagos State Health Scheme. However, accessibility was primarily mediated by informal networks, rather than formal government communication. Local government registration and political structures served as common access points but were often associated with favouritism and gatekeeping. Education and income levels significantly influenced awareness, while digital and financial exclusion hindered equitable access. The study suggests that, while SIFs have immense potential for reducing poverty, their impact is unequal. To achieve equitable outcomes, it is essential to institutionalize grassroots awareness, increase digital and financial inclusion, and strengthen transparency.
Ibrahim et al. (2026) studied this question.