China’s East Tokamak Program and the Effects of Fusion Energy on Energy Import Dependency: A Strategic Assessment for Turkey

This study assesses the implications of fusion energy for energy-import-dependent economies by examining China’s Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak program and its relevance for Turkey. A qualitative research design is employed, combining a systematic review of scientific literature, technical reports, and official data with a comparative, scenario-based analytical framework. The findings show that progress in fusion technology is strongly linked to institutional capacity, long-term science and technology policies, and sustainable financing arrangements. Fusion energy offers potential advantages for long-term supply security, price stability, resource diversification, and low-carbon transition goals. Given Turkey’s high dependence on imported natural gas and its exposure to external shocks, fusion should be viewed as a strategic long-term option rather than an immediate solution. The study concludes that early engagement in fusion research and international cooperation can improve technological preparedness and support future energy security and macroeconomic resilience.